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Table 1 Cancer prior to diagnosis with PMR

From: Comorbidities in polymyalgia rheumatica: a systematic review

Retrospective case–control study

Study

Diagnosis

Cases (n)

PMR cases (n)

Controls (n)

PMR controls (n)

Odds ratio (95% CI)

Case rate (%)

Control rate (%)

Anderson et al. [64]

Lymphoid malignancies

33,721

344

122,531

1244

0.9 (0.8–1.0)

1.02

1.02

Anderson et al. [63]

Myeloid malignancy

9998

125

160,086

1288

1.7 (1.4–2.1)

1.25

0.80

Myelodysplastic malignancy

3758

55

42,886

518

1.5 (1.1–2)

1.46

1.21

Anderson et al. [67]

HCL

418

9

160,086

2721

1.5 (0.5–3.9)

2.15

1.70

Askling et al. [62]

All lymphoma

42,676

114

78,487

250

0.8 (0.7–1.0)

0.27

0.32

NHL

28,355

88

52,164

187

0.9 (0.7–1.1)

0.31

0.36

HL

4037

3

7394

15

0.4 (0.1–1.3)

0.07

0.2

CLL

10,555

24

19,391

52

0.8 (0.5–1.4)

0.23

0.27

Kristinsson et al. [66]

Any MPN

11,039

46

43,550

104

1.7 (1.2–2.5)

0.42

0.24

Lanoy and Engels [65]

Cutaneous NHL

2652

19

178,452

1731

0.7 (0.5–1.1)

0.72

0.97

Lindqvist et al. [68]

MM

19,112

56

75,408

116

1.9 (1.4–2.6)

0.29

0.15

MGUS

5403

58

21,209

79

2.9 (2.1–4.1)

1.07

0.37

  1. PMR polymyalgia rheumatica, HCL hairy cell leukaemia, NHL non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, HL Hodgkin’s lymphoma, CLL chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, MM multiple myeloma, MPN myeloproliferative neoplasm, MGUS monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance