Impact of urate-lowering drugs on the progression and recovery from chronic kidney disease among gout patients

Table 4 Renal function recovery after the 1st date of renal function decline among patients with renal function deterioration (n = 760)

	Person-days of follow-up	Number of patients	Events of CKD recovery	Incidence rate (95% CI) per 1000 person-days	Hazard ratio (95% CI)
Entire cohort	158,861	741	571	3.59 (3.30–3.89)	–
Type of ULD
Allopurinol	19,509	39	26	1.33 (0.82–1.84)	Reference
Febuxostat	19,639	156	122	6.21 (5.11–7.31)	2.17 (1.40–3.47)*
Uricosuric agents	119,713	546	423	3.53 (3.20–3.87)	1.80 (1.20–2.83)*
eGFR 60–89
Allopurinol	3896	11	9	2.31 (1.06–4.39)	Reference
Febuxostat	5390	24	19	3.53 (1.94–5.11)	0.88 (0.39–2.13)
Uricosuric agents	54,434	202	148	2.72 (2.28–3.16)	0.87 (0.44–1.91)
eGFR 30–59
Allopurinol	5615	12	8	1.42 (0.62–2.81)	Reference
Febuxostat	2866	26	21	7.33 (4.19–10.46)	2.69 (1.18–6.71)*
Uricosuric agents	46,123	216	167	3.62 (3.07–4.17)	2.18 (1.10–4.99)*
eGFR 15–29
Allopurinol	7004	14	9	1.28 (0.59–2.44)	Reference
Febuxostat	7913	76	62	7.84 (5.88–9.79)	2.29 (1.03–5.65)*
Uricosuric agents	16,598	103	87	5.24 (4.14–6.34)	1.98 (0.91–4.75)
eGFR < 15
Allopurinol	2994	2	0	– –	Reference
Febuxostat	3470	30	20	5.76 (3.24–8.29)	–
Uricosuric agents	2558	25	21	8.21 (4.70–11.72)	–

The eGFR groups were based on the value of the first date of renal function decline, and the outcome was an improvement in renal function to more than one eGFR group
* p < 0.05

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