Fig. 1

Altered immune cell composition in the brains of lupus model mice. a Numbers of total brain CD45⁺ cells in three lupus models and controls analyzed by flow cytometry. b Number of total brain lymphocytes, defined as CD3⁺ cells and CD19⁺ cells in CD45⁺ cells, in three lupus models and controls. c CD3⁺/CD19⁺ ratio in lymphocytes and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio in CD3⁺ cells. d Immunostaining of CD3⁺ cells in the choroid plexus. Magnification of the boxed area is shown in the upper left of MRL/lpr. Arrowheads indicate CD3⁺ cells. Images are representative of n = 3 comparisons in each lupus model and controls. Numbers of CD3⁺ cells were counted and shown as number per mean area of the choroid plexus. In a, b, and c, number or ratio of cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Symbols represent individual mice (n = 8 for a and b, n = 4 for C for FcγRIIB^−/−Yaa mice and controls, n = 6 for NZB/NZW mice and controls, n = 4 for MRL/lpr mice and controls) and horizontal lines indicate the mean and SEM. In a, b, and d, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.01 by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test. In c, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.01 by Student’s t test