Fig. 3

Influence of tofacitinib on CIA-associated change in voluntary wheel running (experiment 2). a–c Time course of arthritis score (a), incidence of arthritis (b), and change in average hind paw thickness from day 19 (c) in tofacitinib-treated and vehicle-treated CIA mice. Abscissa, days after first injection. The values are shown as the mean ± standard error of the mean. The interaction effects were significant (p < 0.05) by two-way repeated-measures ANOVA in b and c. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, tofacitinib vs. vehicle; by the Mann-Whitney U test (a) and Student’s t test (b, c). ^†p < 0.01; by Friedman’s test (a) and one-way repeated-measures ANOVA (b, c). d Time course of number of rotations per hour in the dark phase in tofacitinib-treated (filled circle) and vehicle-treated (open circle) CIA mice. The values are shown as the mean ± standard error of the mean. e Mean number of rotations in the dark phase in the pre-clinical, early clinical, and late clinical periods in tofacitinib-treated and vehicle-treated CIA mice. The bars indicate the average number of rotations, and each circle indicates the value for one mouse. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, tofacitinib vs. vehicle; Student’s t test. f₁ Scatter plots showing the relationship between number of rotations in the dark phase prior to the assessment of arthritis (y axis) and arthritis scores (x axis) in the tofacitinib-treated (below) and vehicle-treated (above) CIA mice on days 28, 33, 38, and 42. The insets show the values for Kendall’s tau and the p value for zero correlation. f₂ Time course for rank correlation coefficient between number of rotations and the arthritis score in tofacitinib-treated and vehicle-treated CIA mice. The hashed zone indicates the 95% confidence interval of Kendall’s tau. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, by Kendall’s correlation analysis. ^#p < 0.05, by Z-transform method. CIA, collagen-induced arthritis; n.s., not significant