Fig. 1

Induction of TL1A by immune stimuli in human monocytes. a Human peripheral blood monocytes (1 × 10⁶ cells/ml) were cultured with the indicated concentrations of LPS or with plate-bound immune complexes (IgX). Total RNA was isolated at the indicated time points, and TL1A gene expression was measured using qRT-PCR. TL1A mRNA levels were measured relative to human β2-microglobulin and normalized to that in resting monocytes and are shown as mean ± s.e.m. Data is representative of 5 independent experiments with different donors. b Monocyte culture supernatants were collected at 18 h and 48 h, and TL1A levels were measured using ELISA as described in the methods. Results in each panel are mean ± s.e.m. and are representative of a minimum of three experiments. Data is representative of results from 5 (LPS) and 3 (IgX) independent donors. c Peripheral blood monocytes were treated as in a with (100 ng/ml) LPS in the presence or absence of anti-TNF (10 μg/ml) and induction of TL1A and IL-6 measured by qRT-PCR. Data is representative of two independent experiments with different donors. d Monocytes at a higher initial concentration (2 × 10⁶ cells/ml) were stimulated with the indicated TLR agonist, and TL1A was measured in the supernatant after 48 h with a bead-based assay as described in the methods. Results are from one of two independent experiments with different donors