Rheumatoid arthritis patients on persistent moderate disease activity on biologics have adverse 5-year outcome compared to persistent low-remission status and represent a heterogeneous group

Table 2 Multivariable mixed-effect regression associated group pMDA with worse 5-year functionality (HAQ) trajectory than pRLDA group

HAQ multivariable analysis^†	Coefficient^‡	95% CI	p value
Group pMDA (vs pRLDA)	+ 0.28	+ 0.18 to + 0.39	p < 0.0001*
Gender female (vs male)	+ 0.13	+ 0.04 to + 0.23	p = 0.008*
Age (per year)	+ 0.009	+ 0.006 to + 0.012	p < 0.0001*
Disease duration (per year)	+ 0.004	− 0.001 to + 0.009	p = 0.092
Time 3–9 months (vs baseline)	− 0.203	− 0.279 to − 0.126	p < 0.0001*
Time 9–15 months (vs baseline)	− 0.289	− 0.366 to − 0.212	p < 0.0001*
Time 15–21 months (vs baseline)	− 0.288	− 0.364 to − 0.213	p < 0.0001*
Time 21–27 months (vs baseline)	− 0.285	− 0.362 to − 0.208	p < 0.0001*
Time 27–33 months (vs baseline)	− 0.347	− 0.432 to − 0.261	p < 0.0001*
Time 33–42 months (vs baseline)	− 0.326	− 0.399 to − 0.254	p < 0.0001*
Time 42–54 months (vs baseline)	− 0.323	− 0.396 to − 0.251	p < 0.0001*
Time 54–60 months (vs baseline)	− 0.375	− 0.448 to − 0.303	p < 0.0001*

*Variable is associated significantly with patients’ 5-year functionality (HAQ) course (p < 0.05 significance threshold)
^‡Regression coefficient that represents increase (+) or decrease (−) in 5-year functionality (HAQ) course associated with the variable (category membership for categorical variable or unit increase for continuous variable)
^†Efficiency of multivariable analysis: RMSE (Root mean square error) = 0.352, R² (R-squared) = 0.573
pRLDA persistent remission/low disease activity group; pMDA persistent moderate disease activity group

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