Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients at the start of first bDMARD in all patients included in the analysis and separately for multi-refractory patients and non-refractory patients
From: Clinical predictors of multiple failure to biological therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Total, n = 112 | Multi-refractory patients (MR-patients), n = 41 | Non-refractory patients (NR-patients), n = 71 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex (female) | 95 (84.8) | 33 (80.5) | 62 (87.3) | 0.33 |
Smoking status | ||||
Never smoker | 63 (56.3) | 22 (53.7) | 41 (57.7) | |
Smoker | ||||
Past | 23 (20.5) | 12 (29.3) | 11 (15.5) | 0.17 |
Current | 26 (23.2) | 7 (17.0) | 19 (26.8) | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.4 (5.1) | 26.6 (5.9) | 26.2 (4.6) | 0.79 |
Age (years) | ||||
At diagnosis | 43.7 (13.1) | 43.0 (13.6) | 44.2 (12.8) | 0.63 |
At starting cDMARD | 46.4 (12.8) | 45.1 (13.5) | 47.2 (12.4) | 0.41 |
At starting bDMARD | 52.6 (11.9) | 49.9 (12.3) | 54.1 (11.5) | 0.07 |
Extra-articular manifestations | 21 (18.8) | 12 (29.3) | 9 (12.7) | 0.03* |
Immunological parameters | ||||
Positive RF (IU/ml) | 99 (88.4) | 35 (85.4) | 64 (90.1) | 0.44 |
Positive ACPA (IU/ml) | 94 (83.9) | 33 (80.5) | 61 (85.9) | 0.45 |
Erosions | 42 (37.5) | 24 (58.5) | 18 (25.4) | 0.001* |
Concomitant cDMARD | 89 (79.5) | 35 (85.4) | 54 (76.1) | 0.24 |
Number of previous cDMARDs | ||||
< 3 | 75 (66.9) | 16 (39.2) | 59 (83.1) | |
≥ 3 | 37 (33.1) | 25 (60.8) | 12 (16.9) | 0.001* |
Disease duration between diagnosis and bDMARD (years) | 8.9 (7.7) | 6.9 (6.8) | 10.0 (8.1) | 0.04* |
Concomitant steroids | 112 (100) | 41 (100) | 71 (100) | – |
First bDMARD | ||||
TNFi | 95 (84.8) | 38 (92.7) | 57 (80.3) | 0.07 |
Non-TNFi | 17 (15.2) | 3 (7.3) | 14 (19.7) | |
Prior to start 1st bDMARD | ||||
DAS-28 | 5.4 (1.1) | 5.8 (1.2) | 5.1 (1.0) | 0.002* |
Tender joint count | 9.9 (7.1) | 12.3 (7.7) | 8.5 (6.2) | 0.005* |
Swollen joint count | 8.3 (4.8) | 9.8 (6.2) | 7.4 (3.5) | 0.02* |
HAQ | 9.9 (5.2) | 11.9 (5.6) | 5.5 (5.1) | 0.003* |
ESR (mm/h) | 33.1 (20.2) | 37.1 (21.4) | 30.8 (19.3) | 0.11 |
CRP (mg/dl) | 12.4 (16.8) | 16.7 (23.0) | 10.1 (11.6) | 0.05* |