Table 2 Characteristics of the study population, constituting individuals with and without HBM, who were followed up at 8 years

Female gender

98 (72.1)

73 (84.9)

25 (50.0)

< 0.001

 Postmenopausal^b

75 (76.5)

59 (80.8)

16 (64.0)

0.087

 Menopause transition during the follow-up period

11 (11.2)

6 (8.2)

5 (20.0)

0.177

 History of HRT use^f

49 (50.0)

39 (53.4)

10 (40.0)

0.508

History of smoking^f

66 (48.9)

42 (49.4)

24 (48.0)

0.874

 Low

14 (10.7)

9 (11.0)

5 (10.2)

 Medium

46 (35.1)

26 (31.7)

20 (40.8)

0.567

 High

71 (54.2)

47 (57.3)

24 (49.0)

 Up to GCSE/O level

55 (42.0)

42 (50.0)

13 (27.7)

 A level or equivalent

26 (19.9)

17 (20.2)

9 (19.2)

0.019

 Degree or equivalent

50 (38.2)

25 (29.8)

25 (53.2)

Age, years^b

59.2 (10.2)

60.2 (9.9)

57.5 (10.6)

0.136

Height, cm^b

167.8 (9.6)

166.1 (8.4)

170.8 (10.8)

0.005

Weight, kg^b

81.5 (17.0)

82.1 (16.0)

80.6 (18.7)

0.619

BMI (kg/m²)^b

28.9 (5.5)

29.8 (5.6)

27.5 (5.1)

0.017

TBFM (kg)^f

31.6 (10.6)

33.0 (10.9)

29.1 (9.5)

0.035

TH-BMD, g/cm^{2 b}

1.143 (0.182)

1.242 (0.129)

0.976 (0.131)

< 0.001

L1-BMD, g/cm^{2 b}

1.255 (0.215)

1.377 (0.149)

1.049 (0.141)

< 0.001

Follow-up time, years

8.2 (1.0)

8.2 (0.7)

8.2 (1.4)

0.817