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Table 2 Characteristics of patients with different imaging phenotypes

From: Clinical characteristics, imaging phenotypes and events free survival in Takayasu arteritis patients with hypertension

 

Cluster 1

Cluster 2

Cluster 3

P-value

Baseline assessment

N = 56

N = 38

N = 110

 

Demography

    

 Female (n, %)

34 (59.6%)*

30 (78.9%)

91 (82.7%)

0.007

 Age (years, IQR)

27 (20–39)#

42 (32–54)

39 (27–49)

< 0.001

 Disease duration (months, IQR)

12 (3–56)

33 (4–72)

30 (4–120)

0.334

Clinical manifestation (n, %)

    

 Systemic symptoms (fever, weakness, etc.)

15 (26.8%)

17 (44.7%)

45 (40.9%)

0.320

 Neurological symptoms (headache, amaurosis, etc.)

17 (30.3%)

21 (55.3%)

51 (46.4%)

0.461

 Cardiovascular symptoms (chest distress/pain, etc.)

10 (17.9%)#

16 (42.1%)

31 (28.2%)

0.010

Complications (n, %)

    

 Renal insufficiency

5 (8.9%)#

1 (2.6%)&

12 (10.9%)

0.046

 Heart failure

1 (1.8%)#, *

5 (13.2%)

18 (16.4%)

0.013

 Cerebral infarction

1 (1.8%)*

0

8 (7.3%)

0.007

Hypertensive severity (n, %)

    

 Moderate

18 (32.1%)

12 (31.6%)

32 (29.1%)

0.217

 Severe

26 (46.4%)

10 (26.3%)&

58 (52.7%)

0.014

Artery involvement (n, %)

    

 Renal artery stenosis > 75%

29 (51.8%)*

0

40 (36.4%)

< 0.001

 Abdominal aorta stenosis > 50%

19 (33.9%)

0

24 (21.8%)

< 0.001

Echocardiography (n, %)

    

 Severe AR

4 (7.1%)#

5 (11.4%)

10 (9.1%)

0.047

Follow-up assessment

N = 47

N = 35

N = 105

 

Blood pressure control status (n, %)

    

 Controlled

17 (36.2%)#

26 (74.3%)

52 (47.3%)

< 0.001

 Improved

25 (53.2%)

7 (20.0%)

44 (40.0%)

0.117

 Failure

5 (10.6%)#

2 (5.7%)

9 (8.2%)

0.032

Events (n, %)

    

 Persistent refractory or malignant hypertension

9 (19.1%)#

3 (8.6%)&

15 (13.6%)

0.024

 Renal insufficiency

4 (8.5%)

0

8 (7.3%)

0.178

 Congestive heart failure

1 (2.1%)#

2 (5.7%)&

4 (3.8%)

0.017

Events free survival by the end

59.6%#

80.0%

67.6%

0.049

  1. Cluster 1: involvement of abdominal aorta and/or renal artery; Cluster 2: involvement of ascending aorta, thoracic aorta, aortic arch and its branches; Cluster 3: combined involvement of Cluster 1 and Cluster 2; AR aortic regurgitation; P value: comparison among patients with different imaging phenotypes; #p < 0.05 for comparisons between patients with Cluster 1 and Cluster 2 phenotype; *p < 0.05 for comparisons between patients with Cluster 1 and Cluster 3 phenotype; and &p < 0.05 for comparisons between patients with Cluster 2 and Cluster 3 phenotype.
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Arthritis Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1478-6362

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