Fig. 1From: CTLA4-Ig treatment induces M1–M2 shift in cultured monocyte-derived macrophages from healthy subjects and rheumatoid arthritis patientsGene expression of M1 and M2 markers in cultured HS-M1-MDMs treated with CTLA4-Ig. Quantitative real-time PCR of M1 markers (TLR4, CD80, CD86) or M2 markers (CD163, CD204, CD206) in cultured HS-MDMs maintained in normal growth medium without any stimulation or CTLA4-Ig treatment (white bar), stimulated with LPS alone (HS-M1-MDMs) (light grey bar), or stimulated with LPS and then treated with CTLA4-Ig (abatacept) at a concentration of 100 μg/mL (dark grey bar) and 500 μg/mL (black bar) for 3 and 12 h. A M1 markers (TLR4, CD80, CD86). B M2 markers (CD163, CD204, CD206). Final results were obtained from ten independent in vitro experiments. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01Back to article page