Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of the participants at the time of enrollment
From: Lupus nephritis correlates with B cell interferon-β, anti-Smith, and anti-DNA: a retrospective study
Characteristics | Total patients (N = 80, 100%) |
|---|---|
Age at time of enrollment-year, mean (SD) | 41.21 (± 13.32) |
Age at time of diagnosis of SLE-year, mean (SD) | 31.66 (± 12.82) |
SLE duration-year, mean (SD) | 9.93 (± 6.71) |
Race | |
Caucasian | 23 (29) |
African American | 55 (69) |
Hispanic or Latino | 2 (2) |
Sex | |
Female | 76 (95) |
Male | 4 (5) |
Clinical features | |
Mucocutaneous disorder | |
Malar rash | 27 (34) |
Discoid rash | 12 (15) |
Photosensitivity | 38 (48) |
Oral/nasal ulcers | 32 (40) |
Arthritis | 54 (68) |
Serositis (pleuritic, pericarditis) | 18 (23) |
Lupus nephritis | 33 (41) |
Autoimmune hepatitis | 1 (1) |
Pancreatitis | 1 (1) |
Cardiomyopathy | 1 (1) |
ILD | 1 (1) |
Neurological disorder (psychosis, seizure, CNS vasculitis) | 7 (9) |
Hematological disorder | |
Hemolytic anemia | 4 (5) |
Leukopenia | 20 (25) |
Thrombocytopenia | 16 (20) |
SLEDAI (score) | |
No activity (0) | 18 (22) |
Mild (1–5) | 39 (49) |
Moderate (6–10) | 16 (20) |
High activity (11–19) | 1 (1) |
Very high activity (≥ 20) | 3 (4) |
Missing, (%) | 3 (4) |
Medication at time of enrollment | |
Hydroxychloroquine, Quinacrine or both | 71 (89) |
Prednisone | 41 (51) |
MTX or leflunomide | 19 (24) |
MMF, Myfortic or AZA | 19 (24) |
Belimumab | 11 (14) |
Immunology laboratory results | |
Anti-DNA (titer), mean (SD) | 36 (± 58.13) |
Anti-DNA- IgM (OD), mean (SD) | 0.24 (± 0.12) |
Anti-DNA- IgG (OD) mean (SD) | 0.34 (± 0.16) |
Anti-Smith (unit/mL), mean (SD) | 55 (± 75.53) |
Anti-Smith (unit) at any time, mean (SD) | 68.7 (± 143.78) |
C3 (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 118 (± 32.40) |
C4 (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 23 (± 11.22) |
% of IFNβ-naïve B cells, mean (SD) | 46 (± 29.40) |
Lupus nephritis class | |
Class I | 1 (1) |
Class II | 9 (11) |
Class III | 5 (6) |
Class IV | 6 (7) |
Class V | 4 (5) |
Class II and III | 1 (1) |
Class V and III | 5 (6) |
Class V and IV | 2 (2) |