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Table 1 Population characteristics

From: Using magnetic resonance imaging to map the hidden burden of muscle involvement in systemic sclerosis

 

Entire population (n = 32)

T2 hyperintensity (n = 13)

No T2 hyperintensity (n = 19)

p value

Age (years) (mean, SD)

55.47 (7.71)

55.69 (8.36)

55.32 (7.47)

0.89

Female (n, %)

23 (71.88%)

7 (53.7%)

16 (84.2%)

0.06

dcSSc (n, %)

19 (59.38%)

12 (92.3%)

7 (36.8%)

< 0.01

Disease duration (years) (median, IQR)

10.17 (2.38–12.42)

11.17 (2.46–15.34)

10.16 (2.38–12.3)

0.79

Disease duration < 4 years (n, %)

13 (40.62%)

5 (38.5%)

8 (42.1%)

0.84

Autoantibodiesa

 Anticentromere (n, %)

8 (25.00%)

3 (23.1%)

5 (26.3%)

0.84

 Scl-70 (n, %)

12 (37.50%)

5 (38.5%)

7 (36.8%)

0.93

 RNA polymerase III (n, %)

4 (12.50%)

3 (23.1%)

1 (5.3%)

0.14

 Jo-1 (n, %)

1 (3.13)

1 (7.7%)

0 (0%)

0.22

 PMScl (n, %)

3 (9.68%)

1 (8.3%)

2 (10.5%)

0.84

 PL-12b (n, %)

2 (8.33%)

1 (50%)

1 (50%)

0.23

Disease manifestations

 mRSS (median, IQR)

10 (3–18)

20 (15–29)

4 (2–10)

< 0.01

 mRSS > 14 (n, %)

12 (37.50%)

10 (76.9%)

2 (10.5%)

< 0.01

 ILD (requiring treatment) (n, %)

5 (15.62%)

2 (15.4%)

3 (15.8%)

0.98

 FVC (% predicted) (median, IQR)

91 (77–98.5)

83.69 (22.34)

91.16 (18.61)

0.31

 FVC < 70% (n, %)

6 (18.75%)

5 (38.5%)

1 (5.3%)

0.02

 Digital ulcers

17 (53.12%)

8 (61.5%)

9 (47.4%)

0.43

 Arthritis (n, %)

19 (59.38%)

8 (61.5%)

11 (57.9%)

0.84

 Myositisc (n, %)

2 (6.25%)

2 (15.4%)

0 (0%)

0.08

 MMT score (median, IQR)

5 (5–5)

5 (5–5)

5 (5–5)

0.64

 Chronic muscle damage on MRId (n, %)

6 (18.75%)

4 (30.77%)

2 (10.52%)

0.15

 ESR (median, IQR)

15 (11–24.5)

15 (12–20)

15 (11–29)

0.79

 CRP (median, IQR)

5 (4–7)

5.5 (4.5–9.5)

5 (4–7)

0.56

 CK (median, IQR)

86 (69.5–110)

94 (71–111)

85 (68–102)

0.94

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

 LVEF (%) (mean, SD)

64.39 (6.37)

63.67 (5.84)

64.84 (6.80)

0.63

 LV GLS (%) (mean, SD)

− 16.84 (2.31)

− 16.55 (2.78)

− 17.03 (2.00)

0.58

 T2-mapping (FLASH) (ms) (mean, SD)

42.48 (3.74)

42.56 (4.21)

42.43 (3.54)

0.93

 T1-mapping (SASHA) (ms) (mean, SD)

1583.81 (46.24)

1599.46 (45.47)

1573.93 (45.09)

0.14

 T1-mapping (ShMOLLI) (ms) (mean, SD)

1218.47 (38.71)

1232.35 (33.85)

1209.71 (39.85)

0.11

 LGE (n, %)

9 (30.00%)

5 (41.67%)

4 (22.2%)

0.26

  1. Abbreviations: CK creatine kinase, CMR cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, CRP C-reactive protein, dcSSc diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, FVC forced vital capacity, GLS global longitudinal strain, ILD interstitial lung disease, IQR interquartile range, LGE late gadolinium enhancement, LV left ventricle, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, MMT manual muscle testing, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, mRSS modified Rodnan skin score, SD standard deviation, Scl-70 anti-topoisomerase I antibody, TTE transthoracic echocardiogram, T2 hyperintensity positive T2 signal on MRI indicating muscle oedema
  2. a Results shown for only those antibodies that were positive in at least one patient
  3. b 24 patients had PL-12 antibody testing
  4. c Clinically diagnosed elevated CK and evidence on MRI or muscle biopsy
  5. d Evidence of either muscle atrophy or fatty infiltration of muscle based on qualitative assessment of muscle by radiologists
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Arthritis Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1478-6362

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