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Table 1 Patient characteristics by the presence of gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE)

From: Gastric antral vascular ectasia in systemic sclerosis: a study of its epidemiology, disease characteristics and impact on survival

Patient characteristics

GAVE

(n=216)

n (%) or median (IQR 25th-75th)

No GAVE

(n=1823)

n (%) or median (IQR 25th-75th)

p-value

Demographics

 Age at SSc disease onset*, years

49.51 (40.04-58.21)

46.70 (35.97-56.70)

0.051

 Female

188 (87.0%)

1553 (85.5%)

0.535

 Caucasian ethnicity

183 (91.5%)

1522 (90.9%)

0.768

 Diffuse disease subtype

72 (35.3%)

401 (24.1%)

0.001

 Follow-up, years

4.27 (1.72-8.39)

3.39 (1.00-7.25)

0.003

Autoantibodies**

 ANA positive

204 (98.6%)

1615 (94.9%)

0.019

ANA Pattern

 Centromere

99 (49.3%)

833 (52.4%)

0.397

 Speckled

79 (39.7%)

461 (29.3%)

0.003

 Nucleolar

47 (23.5%)

387 (24.6%)

0.725

 Homogenous

19 (9.6%)

346 (22.2%)

<0.001

ENA subtype positivity

 Anti-Scl70

8 (4.0%)

264 (16.1%)

<0.001

 Scl/PM

0 (0.0%)

33 (2.0%)

0.042

 U1RNP

7 (3.5%)

121 (7.4%)

0.041

 RNA Polymerase III positive

46 (24.9%)

129 (8.3%)

<0.001

 Anaemia

79 (38.0%)

258 (15.2%)

<0.001

 Drop in Hb of >10g/l between visits

91 (53.8%)

561 (44.3%)

0.019

Clinical manifestations**

 Digital ulcers

117 (54.2%)

736 (41.0%)

<0.001

 Digital pitting

142 (67.0%)

1013 (58.0%)

0.012

 Digital amputation

41 (19.1%)

221 (12.4%)

0.006

 Telangiectasia

198 (93.0%)

1486 (85.1%)

0.002

 Calcinosis

105 (48.8%)

649 (37.6%)

<0.001

 GORD

216 (100.0%)

1659 (92.4%)

<0.001

GIT dysmotility

 Oesphageal

107 (49.5%)

706 (38.7%)

0.002

 Bowel

83 (38.4%)

427 (23.4%)

<0.001

 SSc Renal Crisis

18 (8.3%)

56 (3.1%)

<0.001

 ILD

53 (58.2%)

477 (64.8%)

0.218

 PAH#

24 (11.1%)

171 (9.4%)

0.413

Co-morbidities

 Smoking history (current or ever)

121 (56.8%)

885 (49.9%)

0.056

 Ischemic heart disease

38 (17.8%)

175 (10.0%)

0.001

 Peripheral vascular disease

18 (11.3%)

82 (6.9%)

0.044

 Concurrent cancer diagnosis

57 (26.4%)

378 (20.7%)

0.055

 Hospitalisations***

130 (63.4%)

899 (51.6%)

0.001

Medication

 Protein Pump Inhibitor

207 (95.8%)

1423 (78.1%)

<0.001

 Histamine 2 receptor antagonist

73 (33.8%)

376 (20.6%)

<0.001

 Anticoagulant medication

15 (6.9%)

80 (4.4%)

0.092

 Antiplatelet agent

69 (31.9%)

534 (29.3%)

0.419

 Cyclophosphamide

20 (9.3%)

150 (8.2%)

0.604

HRQoL##

 Physical component score (PCS)

53.07 (42.41-58.55)

53.56 (44.49-58.70)

0.731

 Mental component score (MCS)

39.73 (29.58-49.19)

43.56 (33.48-52.49)

0.002

  1. Abbreviations: SSc systemic sclerosis, GORD gastroesophageal reflux, PAH pulmonary arterial hypertension, ILD interstitial lung disease, GIT gastrointestinal tract, ACA anticentromere, Scl-70 antitopoisomerase-1, U1RNP U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein, RNAP anti RNA Polymerase, III, SD standard deviation, HRQoL health related quality of life
  2. *SSc onset defined as the first non-RP disease manifestations symptom of SSc (Raynaud phenomenon or other) *disease duration defined as from first non-Raynaud’s disease manifestation,
  3. **autoantibody and clinical manifestations defined as present if ever present from SSc diagnosis
  4. ***hospitalisations defined as ever admitted to hospital from ASCS enrollment in those without GAVE and in those with GAVE hospitalisations were defined as since GAVE diagnosis
  5. #PAH diagnosed on right heart catheterization (RHC) according to international criteria [11]
  6. ##HRQoL was defined using the SF-36 study short form which provides a score range from 0-100. Scores below 50 indicate worse HRQoL than the population normative score and every 10 points indicates 1 standard deviation. These scores can be summarized into the physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS), Scores below 50 indicate worse HRQoL than the population normative score and every 10 points indicates 1 standard deviation. The HRQoL score was calculated based on mean HRQoL over the follow-up period in both those with and without GAVE.
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Arthritis Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1478-6362

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