| |
KL 0
|
KL 1
|
KL 2
|
KL 3
|
KL 4
|
p-value
|
|---|
|
Number of participants
|
271
|
187
|
79
|
45
|
14
| |
|
Age (years)
|
45.9 ± 13.6
|
57.3 ± 11.6
|
66.0 ± 11.4
|
71.9 ± 7.5
|
69.6 ± 9.0
|
< 0.001
|
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
21.2 ± 3.2
|
22.8 ± 3.5
|
23.3 ± 3.8
|
25.3 ± 4.3
|
25.5 ± 5.4
|
< 0.001
|
|
Muscle volume (kg)
|
6.3 ± 0.7
|
6.2 ± 0.9
|
5.9 ± 0.8
|
5.9 ± 0.7
|
6.0 ± 0.6
|
< 0.001
|
|
hs-CRP (mg/dL)
|
0.06 ± 0.16
|
0.06 ± 0.13
|
0.06 ± 0.13
|
0.08 ± 0.16
|
0.06 ± 0.11
|
0.918
|
|
MMP-3 (mg/mL)
|
36.4 ± 18.7
|
37.3 ± 14.5
|
34.0 ± 11.9
|
38.1 ± 13.1
|
42.6 ± 12.5
|
0.319
|
|
IL-6 (pg/mL)
|
1.8 ± 6.3
|
1.0 ± 1.2
|
1.2 ± 1.1
|
1.2 ± 0.7
|
0.7 ± 0.4
|
0.408
|
|
HA (ng/mL)
|
48.6 ± 64.7
|
46.8 ± 49.7
|
45.5 ± 50.4
|
80.3 ± 86.0
|
40.7 ± 93.2
|
0.016
|
- Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation and were compared using analysis of variance tests. The muscle volume refers to that of the right thigh and lower leg
- BMI body mass index, HA hyaluronic acid, hs-CRP high-sensitive C-reactive protein, IL-6 interleukin-6, KL Kellgren-Lawrence grade, MMP-3 matrix metalloproteinase 3
