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Table 4 Uni- and multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with AAV phenotype at diagnosis, in the combined UKIVAS and RKD cohort

From: The association between ambient UVB dose and ANCA-associated vasculitis relapse and onset

  

Not MPA

MPA

Unadjusted

Adjusted

Latitude

Average annual vitD-UVB

Average winter vitD-UVB

CW-D-UVB at symptom onset

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Age at diagnosis (years)

Mean (SD)

55.6 (15.0)

63.9 (13.7)

1.04 (1.04–1.05, p < 0.001)

1.04 (1.04–1.05, p < 0.001)

1.04 (1.04–1.05, p < 0.001)

1.04 (1.04–1.05, p < 0.001)

1.04 (1.04–1.05, p < 0.001)

Gender

Female

685 (63.1)

400 (36.9)

–

–

–

–

–

Male

831 (67.7)

397 (32.3)

0.82 (0.69–0.97, p = 0.022)

0.83 (0.69–0.99, p = 0.042)

0.83 (0.69–0.99, p = 0.041)

0.83 (0.69–0.99, p = 0.042)

0.83 (0.69–0.99, p = 0.039)

Ethnicity

White

1415 (66.0)

728 (34.0)

–

–

–

–

–

Asian

53 (58.9)

37 (41.1)

1.36 (0.88–2.08, p = 0.163)

2.01 (1.26–3.19, p = 0.003)

2.03 (1.28–3.22, p = 0.003)

2.03 (1.27–3.21, p = 0.003)

2.06 (1.29–3.25, p = 0.002)

Black

13 (44.8)

16 (55.2)

2.39 (1.15–5.09, p = 0.020)

3.62 (1.67–8.02, p = 0.001)

3.67 (1.69–8.13, p = 0.001)

3.65 (1.68–8.07, p = 0.001)

3.69 (1.70–8.15, p = 0.001)

Mixed

6 (66.7)

3 (33.3)

0.97 (0.20–3.69, p = 0.968)

1.27 (0.25–5.30, p = 0.754)

1.27 (0.25–5.34, p = 0.747)

1.27 (0.25–5.33, p = 0.750)

1.27 (0.25–5.33, p = 0.752)

Others

29 (69.0)

13 (31.0)

0.87 (0.44–1.65, p = 0.683)

0.93 (0.45–1.82, p = 0.835)

0.94 (0.46–1.83, p = 0.857)

0.93 (0.45–1.82, p = 0.837)

0.95 (0.47–1.85, p = 0.886)

Latitude (degrees)

Mean (SD)

52.8 (1.6)

52.6 (1.5)

0.95 (0.90–1.01, p = 0.078)

0.98 (0.92–1.03, p = 0.392)

–

–

–

Average annual vitD-UVB (kJ/m2)

Mean (SD)

2.1 (0.2)

2.2 (0.2)

1.29 (0.88–1.91, p = 0.191)

–

1.10 (0.74–1.65, p = 0.645)

–

–

Average winter vitD-UVB (10 kJ/m2)

Mean (SD)

1.9 (0.4)

1.9 (0.3)

1.23 (0.96–1.58, p = 0.102)

–

–

1.10 (0.85–1.43, p = 0.458)

–

CW-D-UVB at symptom onset (J/m2)

Mean (SD)

0.1 (0.1)

0.1 (0.1)

0.67 (0.21–2.08, p = 0.487)

–

–

–

0.77 (0.23–2.51, p = 0.663)

  1. The odds ratios (OR, 95% CI, p value) are reported. The OR refers to the probability of having MPA-AAV (ref: not MPA) at diagnosis
  2. Model 1 investigates the effect of latitude, adjusted for age at diagnosis, gender and ethnicity (observations 2312, 1 missing age, AIC 2798.4)
  3. Model 2 investigates the effect of average annual vitD-UVB, adjusted for age at diagnosis, gender and ethnicity (observations 2312, 1 missing age, AIC 2799)
  4. Model 3 investigates the effect of average winter (December to February) vitD-UVB (2004–2019), adjusted for age at diagnosis, gender and ethnicity (observations 2312, 1 missing age, AIC 2798.6)
  5. Model 4 investigates the effect of CW-D-UVB at symptom onset, adjusted for age at diagnosis, gender and ethnicity (observations 2312, 1 missing age, AIC 2799)
  6. vitD-UVB ambient UVB dose at wavelengths than induce vitD synthesis, CW-D-UVB cumulative-weighted UVB dose, SD standard deviation, MPA microscopic polyangiitis, AAV ANCA-associated vasculitis, AIC Akaike Information Criterion, OR odds ratio, 95% CI 95% confidence interval
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Arthritis Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1478-6362

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