Table 1 Patient characteristics
| Â | Infection group (N = 50) | Non-infection group (N = 459) | p-value | Total patients (n = 509) | Missing data |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), mean ± SD | 52.3 ± 15.6 | 46.1 ± 14.6 | 0.009 | 46.7 ± 14.8 | 0 |
Sex (female), n (%) | 43 (89%) | 410 (86%) | 0.63 | 453 (89.0%) | 0 |
Follow-up days, mean ± SD | 802.5 ± 324.7 | 661.5 ± 342.7 | 0.006 | 675.3 ± 343.3 | 0 |
Disease duration (year), mean ± SD | 11.8 ± 8.8 | 13.4 ± 10.1 | 0.304 | 13.3 ± 10.4 | 0 |
Glucocorticoid dose at the time of registration | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0 |
 PSL 0–2.5 mg | 2 (4.0%) | 90 (19.2%) | 0.011 | 92 (18.0%) |  |
 PSL 2.6–5.0mg | 16 (32.0%) | 160 (35.2%) | 0.805 | 176 (34.6%) |  |
 PSL 5.1–7.5mg | 10 (20.0%) | 70 (14.8%) | 0.506 | 80 (15.7%) |  |
 PSL 7.6–15.0mg | 22 (44.0%) | 139 (30.8%) | 0.07 | 151 (29.7%) |  |
mPSL pulse therapy, n (%) | 27 (54%) | 170 (37%) | 0.02 | 197 (38.7%) | 0 |
Immunosuppressant, n (%) | 41 (82%) | 352 (76.7%) | 0.5 | 393 (77.2%) | 0 |
Cyclophosphamide, n (%) | 18 (36%) | 112 (24.4%) | 0.11 | 130 (25.5%) | 0 |
Tacrolimus, n (%) | 16 (32%) | 148 (32.2%) | 1 | 164 (32.2%) | 0 |
Cyclosporin, n (%) | 6 (12%) | 24 (5.2%) | 0.11 | 30 (5.9%) | 0 |
Mycophenolate mofetil, n (%) | 7 (14%) | 54 (11.8%) | 0.81 | 61 (12.0%) | 0 |
Azathioprine, n (%) | 8 (16%) | 68 (14.8%) | 0.99 | 76 (14.9%) | 0 |
Mizoribine, n (%) | 4 (8%) | 17 (3.7%) | 0.28 | 21 (4.1%) | 0 |
Methotrexate, n (%) | 1 (2%) | 17 (3.7%) | 0.83 | 18 (3.5%) | 0 |
Rituximab, n (%) | 3 (6%) | 6 (1.3%) | 0.68 | 9 (1.8%) | 0 |
Hydroxychloroquine, n (%) | 9 (18%) | 78 (17%) | 1 | 87 (17.1%) | 0 |
WBC (/μL), mean ± SD | 6410.8 ± 2561.3 | 5750.1 ± 2046.2 | 0.08 | 5815.1 ± 2108.8 | 1 (2.0%) |
HbA1c > 6.5% | 6 (14.3%) | 18 (5%) | 0.94 | 24 (4.7%) | 105 (20.6%) |
Lupus nephritis (class III, IV, V) | 9 (18.4%) | 118 (27.1%) | 0.94 | 127 (25.0%) | 21 (4.1%) |
(Biopsy was performed 195/509) | |||||
CKD complication | 97 (21.2%) | 14 (28.6%) | 0.314 | 111 (21.9%) | 2 (0.4%) |
Current smoker | 6 (12%) | 50 (10.9%) | 1 | 118 (23.2%) | 28 (5.5%) |
SLEDAI score, mean ± SD | 5.7 ± 5.0 | 5.1 ± 4.6 | 0.51 | 5.2 ± 4.6 | 49 (9.6%) |
C3 (mg/dl), mean ± SD | 89.2 ± 24.5 | 82.4 ± 21.9 | 0.07 | 83.1 ± 22.3 | 23 (4.5%) |
C4 (mg/dl), mean ± SD | 18.8 ± 10.2 | 16.8 ± 8.6 | 0.19 | 17.0 ± 8.8 | 11 (2.1%) |
CH50 (U/ml), mean ± SD | 36.9 ± 10.0 | 35.4 ± 11.0 | 0.35 | 35.6 ± 10.9 | 13 (2.6%) |
Anti-ds DNA (IU/ml), mean ± SD | 16.3 ± 26.3 | 21.2 ± 37.5 | 0.26 | 20.8 ± 36.6 | 23 (4.5%) |
IgG (mg/dl), mean ± SD | 1309 ± 490.4 | 1422.1 ± 476.8 | 0.16 | 1411.7 ± 478.6 | 57 (11.2%) |
Pneumococcal vaccination | 8 (17.0%) | 49 (11.2%) | 0.34 | 57 (11.1%) | 23 (4.5%) |