Fig. 3

Glucose metabolism profile in M1 macrophage polarization in TAK. A Extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) was detected during M1 macrophage polarization and the inhibitory effect of PFK-015 (a 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 inhibitor, 10 μM) was examined in this process; B oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was detected in M1 macrophage polarization and the inhibitory effect of PFK-015 (10 μM) was examined in this process; C lactate levels were detected in the culture supernatant of M1 macrophages stimulated by IFN-γ and the inhibitory effect of PFK-015 (10 μM) in this process was evaluated; D, E gene expression of PFKFB3 and LDHA was detected by RT-PCR in M1 macrophages and the inhibitory effect of PFK-015 (10 μM) was examined in this process. LPS (50 ng/ml) was added in all the groups besides the IFN-γ (20 ng/ml) or PFK-015 (10 μM) as indicated in the figures. Data revealed as mean ± SEM, *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001; #p < 0.05; ##p < 0.01; ###p < 0.001; ####p < 0.0001