Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of GCA, TAK, and old and young HCs

Age, years

71 (70–78)

47 (41–57)

< 0.010

73 (69–75)

58 (31–59)

< 0.010

Male, n (%)

8 (47)

3 (50)

0.90

2 (33)

3 (50)

0.56

Race, Japanese, n (%)

17 (100)

5 (83)

0.093

6 (100)

6 (100)

-

Body mass index, kg/m²

20 (17–23)

23 (18–24)

0.42

23 (21–26)

21 (20–22)

0.17

Smoking history, n (%)

7 (41)

3 (50)

0.71

1 (17)

1 (17)

1.0

 Hypertension, n (%)

4 (24)

3 (50)

0.64

2 (33)

0 (0)

0.075

 Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

3 (18)

0 (0)

0.16

0 (0)

0 (0)

-

 Dyslipidemia, n (%)

6 (35)

1 (17)

0.38

2 (33)

0 (0)

0.075

 Fatty liver disease, n (%)

1 (6)

0 (0)

0.43

1 (17)

1 (17)

1.0

 Chronic kidney disease, n (%)

2 (17)

2 (33)

0.25

1 (17)

0 (0)

0.22

 Polymyalgia rheumatica, n (%)

7 (41)

0 (0)

0.022

0 (0)

0 (0)

-

 Inflammatory bowel disease, n (%)

0 (0)

2 (33)

0.015

0 (0)

0 (0)

-

 Aortic regurgitation, n (%)

3 (11)

2 (11)

0.015

1 (11)

0 (0)

0.22

GCA with positive TAB finding, n (%)

10 (59)

-

-

-

-

-

LV involvement, n (%)

12 (71)

6 (100)

0.062

-

-

-

Time from symptom onset to diagnosis, weeks

11 (5.1–21)

23 (9.6–47)

0.11

-

-

-

 White blood cells, 10³ cells/μL

7.0 (6.2−7.9)

8.9 (6.4–9.9)

0.13

-

-

-

 Neutrophils, 10³ cells/μL

5.2 (4.0−5.9)

6.4 (4.6–7.4)

0.17

-

-

-

 Lymphocytes, 10³ cells/μL

1.2 (1.1−1.5)

1.9 (1.0–2.1)

0.20

-

-

-

 Monocytes, cells/μL

432 (336−520)

496 (349–577)

0.55

-

-

-

 Eosinophils, cells/μL

94 (73−159)

115 (58–263)

0.70

-

-

-

 Hemoglobin, g/dL

11 (9.4−12)

11 (10–12)

0.80

-

-

-

 Platelets, 10⁴ /μL

36 (27−40)

38 (30–55)

0.53

-

-

-

 ANA positivity, n (%)

3 (18)

2 (33)

0.44

-

-

-

 RF positivity, n (%)

0 (0)

1 (17)

0.093

-

-

-

 IgG, 10³ mg/dL

1.5 (1.3−1.6)

1.7 (1.5−2.5)

0.11

-

-

-

 ESR, mm/h

116 (78−131)

87 (63–116)

0.14

-

-

-

 CRP, mg/dL

4.5 (2.1−7.6)

3.9 (1.6–9.4)

0.60

-

-

-