1:20 age-matched and sex-matched population | 1:2 PSM population | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis exposure alone | Model 2a: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis exposure + demographic variables | Model 3a: model 2 + medical utilization and comorbidities at baseline | Model 2b: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis exposure + demographic variables | Model 3b: model 2 + medical utilization and comorbidities at baseline | Model A: conditional Cox model with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis exposure alone | Model B: conditional Cox model with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis exposure, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism | |
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis | 6.79 (5.32–8.66) | 5.83 (4.50–7.56) | 4.35 (3.28–5.76) | 3.54 (2.40–5.22) | |||
Hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism | |||||||
No Hashimoto’s thyroiditis | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, no hyperthyroidism, and no hypothyroidism | 7.46 (5.26–10.57) | 6.52 (4.55–9.34) | 4.53 (3.08–6.66) | 3.47 (2.12–5.69) | |||
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and hyperthyroidism only | 3.21 (1.43–7.21) | 2.88 (1.27–6.50) | 2.63 (1.16–5.96) | 1.72 (0.68–4.35) | |||
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and hypothyroidism only | 7.59 (5.34–10.81) | 6.40 (4.45–9.21) | 4.99 (3.41–7.32) | 4.27 (2.67–6.83) | |||
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism | 6.59 (3.39–12.81) | 5.29 (2.70–10.36) | 3.67 (1.83–7.37) | 3.77 (1.76–8.05) | |||
Sex—male | 0.19 (0.10–0.36) | 0.18 (0.09–0.35) | 0.20 (0.10–0.39) | 0.18 (0.10–0.36) | 0.20 (0.10–0.39) | ||
Age | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 1.00 (0.99–1.004) | 0.99 (0.98–0.99) | 1.00 (0.99–1.004) | 0.99 (0.98–0.99) | ||
Urbanization | |||||||
Urban | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
Suburban | 0.91 (0.72–1.16) | 0.98 (0.77–1.25) | 0.96 (0.76–1.23) | 0.99 (0.77–1.26) | 0.97 (0.76–1.24) | ||
Rural | 1.04 (0.78–1.40) | 1.17 (0.87–1.57) | 1.11 (0.83–1.49) | 1.17 (0.87–1.57) | 1.11 (0.83–1.50) | ||
Low income (≤ median 21,000 NTD/month) | 1.09 (0.88–1.35) | 1.10 (0.89–1.36) | 1.04 (0.84–1.29) | 1.09 (0.88–1.35) | 1.04 (0.84–1.29) | ||
3 months before the index date | |||||||
Times of visiting the outpatient department | 1.06 (1.05–1.08) | 1.04 (1.02–1.06) | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 1.04 (1.02–1.06) | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | ||
Length of hospital stays* | |||||||
0 days | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||
1–6 days | 2.41 (1.28–4.52) | 1.71 (0.90–3.23) | 1.39 (0.72–2.67) | 1.74 (0.92–3.29) | 1.43 (0.74–2.76) | ||
≥ 7 days | 5.30 (2.90–9.66) | 3.85 (2.08–7.13) | 2.72 (1.42–5.20) | 3.88 (2.09–7.18) | 2.71 (1.41–5.19) | ||
Co-morbidity | |||||||
1 previous year of the index date: OPD visits × 3, admission × 1 | |||||||
RA | 22.12 (14.23–34.40) | 3.82 (2.20–6.65) | 3.74 (2.14–6.52) | ||||
SS | 50.39 (35.35–71.82) | 11.40 (7.13–18.22) | 11.29 (7.03–18.15) | ||||
SSc | 133.44 (49.86–357.09) | 6.73 (2.24–20.18) | 6.88 (2.26–20.95) | ||||
Vasculitis | 103.27 (42.71–249.70) | 7.24 (2.66–19.69) | 6.99 (2.55–19.16) | ||||
Hypertension | 1.31 (0.96–1.79) | 1.46 (1.01–2.13) | 1.46 (1.01–2.13) | ||||
Diabetes mellitus | 0.64 (0.35–1.16) | 0.49 (0.26–0.93) | 0.49 (0.26–0.94) | ||||
Hyperlipidemia | 1.02 (0.61–1.71) | 0.79 (0.45–1.37) | 0.77 (0.44–1.34) | ||||
Coronary artery disease | 1.05 (0.52–2.11) | 0.67 (0.32–1.42) | 0.68 (0.32–1.44) | ||||
Osteoporosis | 5.01 (2.99–8.40) | 2.89 (1.66–5.05) | 2.88 (1.65–5.03) | ||||
Cerebral vascular accident | 1.75 (0.87–3.53) | 1.27 (0.60–2.69) | 1.25 (0.59–2.65) | ||||
COPD/asthma | 2.22 (1.35–3.67) | 1.44 (0.84–2.47) | 1.44 (0.84–2.47) | ||||
Chronic kidney disease | 2.22 (0.71–6.91) | 2.00 (0.63–6.38) | 1.95 (0.61–6.23) | ||||
Chronic liver diseases | 3.23 (2.08–5.03) | 2.28 (1.42–3.65) | 2.27 (1.42–3.65) | ||||
Pancreatitis | 3.67 (0.52–26.11) | 1.18 (0.16–8.91) | 1.15 (0.15–8.77) | ||||
Affective psychosis | 2.37 (0.88–6.35) | 1.27 (0.45–3.58) | 1.29 (0.46–3.63) | ||||
Ankylosing spondylitis | 4.25 (0.60–30.28) | 0.73 (0.08–6.36) | 0.79 (0.09–6.74) | ||||
IBD | 0.00 (0.00–6.17E135) | 0.00 (0.00–1.85E178) | 0.00 (0.00–5.59E177) | ||||
HIV infection | 0.00 (0.00–2.35E139) | 0.00 (0.00–9.99E999) | 0.00 (0.00–9.99E999) | ||||
AIHA | 322.78 (45.35–2297.39) | 133.96 (18.18–986.89) | 127.00 (17.22–936.73) | ||||
ITP | 81.51 (30.42–218.43) | 36.62 (13.18–101.76) | 37.20 (13.32–103.90) |