Table 2 Characteristics of the participants according to the presence or absence of neck pain
Characteristics | No pain | Pain | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age | 46.96 ± 0.51 | 46.11 ± 0.72 | 0.22 |
BMI | 28.70 ± 0.13 | 29.59 ± 0.54 | 0.13 |
Spine BMD | 1.04 ± 0.00 | 1.05 ± 0.02 | 0.34 |
Sex | 0.01 | ||
Female | 2874 (51.41) | 215 (60.21) | |
Male | 2738 (48.59) | 138 (39.79) | |
Race | 0.01 | ||
Non-Hispanic White | 2657 (67.38) | 197 (75.74) | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 1025 (11.53) | 59 (9.95) | |
Mexican American | 1042 (8.79) | 49 (5.55) | |
Other race | 888 (12.30) | 48 (8.76) | |
Education | 0.88 | ||
College or above | 2708 (58.16) | 181 (58.47) | |
High school or equivalent | 1286 (22.85) | 86 (23.80) | |
Less than high school | 1618 (19.00) | 86 (17.73) | |
Smoke | < 0.0001 | ||
No | 3078 (56.22) | 135 (42.07) | |
Yes | 2534 (43.78) | 218 (57.93) | |
OA | 0.01 | ||
Non-osteoarthritis | 5170 (91.83) | 307 (85.34) | |
Osteoarthritis | 442 (8.17) | 46 (14.66) |