Table 3 Comparative infection risk in subgroups

Patients age < 60 years (n = 1 764 for JAK inhibitor vs. n = 3 251 for TNF inhibitor)

 Herpes zoster

178

1951

9.12 (7.93–10.49)

111

3014

3.68 (3.07–4.42)

2.47 (1.94–3.13)

 Serious herpes zoster

26

2104

1.24 (0.84–1.81)

3

3095

0.10 (0.03–0.30)

12.73 (3.72–43.55)

 Serious bacterial infection

27

2094

1.29 (0.89–1.88)

29

3064

0.95 (0.66–1.36)

1.41 (0.83–2.38)

 Opportunistic infection

2

2126

0.09 (0.02–0.38)

3

3097

0.10 (0.03–0.30)

0.91 (0.16–5.31)

Patients age ≥ 60 years (n = 1 192 for JAK inhibitor vs. n = 1 798 for TNF inhibitor)

 Herpes zoster

179

1172

15.28 (13.35–17.48)

94

1430

6.57 (5.41–7.99)

2.35 (1.83–3.03)

 Serious herpes zoster

35

1325

2.64 (1.91–3.66)

7

1492

0.47 (0.22–0.98)

5.57 (2.46–12.62)

 Serious bacterial infection

20

1343

1.49 (0.96–2.30)

30

1475

2.03 (1.43–2.90)

0.69 (0.38–1.23)

 Opportunistic infection

2

1355

0.15 (0.04–0.59)

12

1495

0.80 (0.46–1.41)

0.20 (0.04–0.88)

No MTX combination (n = 729 for JAK inhibitor vs. n = 1 147 for TNF inhibitor)

 Herpes zoster

81

809

10.02 (8.15–12.31)

61

1046

5.83 (4.57–7.44)

1.76 (1.26–2.46)

 Serious herpes zoster

15

874

1.72 (1.04–2.83)

3

1137

0.26 (0.09–0.82)

6.94 (1.91–25.22)

 Serious bacterial infection

16

875

1.83 (1.13–2.97)

20

1101

1.82 (1.18–2.80)

0.99 (0.51–1.93)

 Opportunistic infection

2

891

0.23 (0.06–0.90)

8

1137

0.70 (0.35–1.40)

0.34 (0.07–1.63)

MTX combination (n = 2 221 for JAK inhibitor vs. n = 4 030 for TNF inhibitor)

 Herpes zoster

278

2297

12.10 (10.93–13.62)

179

3530

5.07 (4.40–5.85)

2.41 (1.99–2.91)

 Serious herpes zoster

47

2535

1.85 (1.40–2.46)

8

3646

0.22 (0.11–0.44)

7.97 (3.80–16.70)

 Serious bacterial infection

32

2545

1.23 (0.89–1.77)

38

3625

1.05 (0.76–1.44)

1.19 (0.74–1.92)

 Opportunistic infection

2

2573

0.08 (0.02–0.31)

9

3651

0.25 (0.13–0.47)

0.33 (0.07–1.53)

No steroid combination (n = 652 for JAK inhibitor vs. n = 1 405 for TNF inhibitor)

 Herpes zoster

81

675

11.99 (9.78–14.71)

43

1226

3.51 (2.61–4.70)

3.42 (2.36–4.95)

 Serious herpes zoster

8

742

1.08 (0.54–2.15)

1

1261

0.08 (0.01–0.56)

22.96 (1.61–327.06)

 Serious bacterial infection

10

744

1.34 (0.73–2.49)

12

1251

0.96 (0.55–1.68)

1.45 (0.62–3.40)

 Opportunistic infection

1

750

0.13 (0.02–0.95)

4

1260

0.32 (0.12–0.84)

0.42 (0.05–3.74)

Steroid combination (n = 2 275 for JAK inhibitor vs. n = 3 760 for TNF inhibitor)

 Herpes zoster

270

2419

11.16 (9.97–12.49)

166

3316

5.01 (4.32–5.81)

2.23 (1.83–2.71)

 Serious herpes zoster

53

2655

2.00 (1.53–2.61)

10

3426

0.29 (0.16–0.54)

6.44 (3.30–12.57)

 Serious bacterial infection

37

2661

1.39 (1.01–1.91)

38

3390

1.12 (0.82–1.54)

1.27 (0.80–2.01)

 Opportunistic infection

3

2699

0.11 (0.04–0.34)

16

3430

0.47 (0.29–0.76)

0.26 (0.08–0.91)