Fig. 5

SMAD2 inhibited secretion of inflammatory factors and affected FLS-RA pyroptosis via the TGF-β pathway. A–D Content of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, and IL-8 in FLS-RA supernatant were determined by ELISA. E The concentration of LDH was detected. F, G FLS-RA were treated with nigericin by concentration of 10 uM for 24h accompanied with LV-SMAD2 or not, the expression of P-SMAD2, total SMAD2, TGF-β were detected by Western blot. H Ratio of p-SMAD2/total SMAD2. I, J FLS-RA were treated with nigericin by the concentration of 10 µM for 24h accompanied with SB505124 (inhibitor of TGF-β receptor I) or not, the expression of ASC, NLRP3 were detected by Western blot. K, L FLS-RA were treated with nigericin by the concentration of 10 µM for 24h accompanied with Activin (inducer of SMAD2) or not, the expression of ASC, NLRP3 were detected by Western blot. The experiment was repeated three times and Statistical data was presented as mean ± SD. In A–E and G, * means comparison between control and nigericin groups. # means comparison between nigericin and nigericin+SMAD2 groups. In J, * means comparison between control and nigericin groups. # means comparison between nigericin and nigericin+SB505124 groups. ns P>0.05 * ,# P<0.05