Fig. 1

Increased fibrosis and paravascular inflammatory infiltration in the liver and aggravated interstitial and glomerular nephropathy in 3.5- to 5.5-month-old female TNF-Tg mice. A Representative images of the liver tissues stained with hematoxylin–eosin (left, HE staining) and Masson (right, Masson staining) (scale bar, 200 μm). B–C Quantification of the area of inflammation infiltration (B, statistics: *p = 0.0264) and fibrosis (C, statistics: **p = 0.0094; ****p < 0.0001) around the vessels. D Representative images of the kidney tissues with HE staining (left), Masson staining (middle), and periodic acid-Schiff staining (right). TNF-Tg kidney showed an increased number and volume of glomeruli (left), renal interstitial fibrosis (middle), and podocyte as well as mesangial proliferative (right) (scale bar, 50 μm, 200 μm). E–F Quantification of the glomerular diameter and fibrosis of the kidney showed significant proliferation of glomerulus (E, statistics: **p = 0.0097; **p = 0.0017; ***p = 0.0007) and renal interstitium fibrosis (F, statistics: *p = 0.0159) in TNF-Tg mice. G Representative images of the glomerulus podocyte and glomerulus mesangial of mice (scale bar, 200 μm). H–I Quantification of the percentage of NG2 (statistics: ****p < 0.0001; **p = 0.0022; **p = 0.0017) (H) and nephrin (statistics: *p = 0.0116; ***p = 0.0002; ***p = 0.0002) (I) in glomeruli. J Representative images of the gallbladder in mice measured by ultrasound. K Quantification of the volume of the gallbladder (statistics: **p = 0.0085; **p = 0.0015)