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Table 3 Subgroup analysis of the risk of bronchiectasis

From: Systemic sclerosis and risk of bronchiectasis: a nationwide longitudinal cohort study

Subgroups

Systemic sclerosis

N

Incident bronchiectasis (n)

Duration (PY)

IR per 1000 PY

HR (95% CI)

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Sex

 Male

No

3685

67

20,814

3.22

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

737

27

3712

7.27

4.93 (3.30–7.36)

2.28 (1.46–3.58)

1.94 (1.23–3.06)

 Female

No

20,540

388

120,049

3.23

Reference

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

4108

232

22,214

10.44

2.57 (1.97–3.34)

3.21 (2.71–3.80)

2.74 (2.29–3.28)

 P for interaction

     

0.140

0.163

0.155

Age, years

 20–39

No

3375

14

21,600

0.65

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

675

18

4131

4.36

6.73 (3.34–13.53)

6.49 (3.22–13.04)

5.64 (2.79–11.40)

 40–64

No

16,115

283

93,934

3.01

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

3223

171

17,427

9.81

3.26 (2.70–3.94)

3.17 (2.60–3.86)

2.68 (2.18–3.29)

 ≥ 65

No

4735

158

25,329

6.24

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

947

70

4366

16.03

2.58 (1.94–3.41)

2.56 (1.93–3.40)

2.21 (1.65–2.95)

 P for interaction

     

0.036

0.048

0.048

Low income

 Others

No

18,225

332

106,627

3.11

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

3655

194

19,744

9.83

3.15 (2.64–3.77)

3.08 (2.57–3.70)

2.63 (2.17–3.18)

 Q1, low

No

6000

123

34,235

3.59

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

1190

65

6182

10.51

2.93 (2.17–3.95)

3.06 (2.25–4.15)

2.62 (1.92–3.58)

 P for interaction

     

0.673

0.966

0.995

Comorbidities

 COPD

  No

No

22,668

390

132,298

2.95

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

3886

177

21,010

8.42

2.86 (2.39–3.41)

2.87 (2.39–3.45)

2.67 (2.21–3.23)

  Yes

No

1557

65

8564

7.59

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

959

82

4915

16.68

2.19 (1.58–3.04)

2.57 (1.84–3.57)

2.48 (1.78–3.46)

  P for interaction

     

0.163

0.555

0.694

 Asthma

  No

No

21,785

378

127,582

2.96

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

3944

189

21,470

8.80

2.97 (2.40–3.54)

2.97 (2.48–3.56)

2.65 (2.19–3.20)

  Yes

No

28

1

141

7.06

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

24

4

108

36.84

5.22 (0.58–46.75)

6.02 (0.67–53.99)

6.01 (0.66–54.04)

  P for interaction

     

0.633

0.543

0.459

 Tuberculosis

  No

No

24,197

454

140,722

3.23

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

4821

255

25,817

9.88

3.06 (2.62–3.57)

3.04 (2.59–3.57)

2.61 (2.21–3.10)

  Yes

No

28

1

141

7.06

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

24

4

108

36.84

5.22 (0.58–46.75)

6.02 (0.67–53.99)

6.01 (0.66–54.04)

  P for interaction

     

0.633

0.543

0.459

 CTDs other than systemic sclerosis

  No

No

24,139

448

140,414

3.19

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

4373

231

23,482

9.84

3.08 (2.63–3.61)

3.04 (2.58–3.59)

2.71 (2.28–3.21)

  Yes

No

86

7

448

15.60

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yes

472

28

2444

11.46

0.73 (0.32–1.68)

0.92 (0.40–2.11)

0.83 (0.36–1.90)

  P for interaction

     

0.001

0.005

0.006

  1. Data are presented as hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)
  2. Model 1 was an unadjusted model; Model 2 was adjusted for sex, age, income, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia; and Model 3 was additionally adjusted for ESRD, IHD, CHF, COPD, asthma, tuberculosis, and CTDs other than systemic sclerosis
  3. CTDs other than systemic sclerosis were rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, mixed connective tissue disease, or polymyalgia rheumatica
  4. Abbreviations: HR Hazard ratio, CI Confidence interval, PY Person-years, IR Incidence rate, ESRD End-stage renal disease, IHD Ischemic heart disease, CHF Congestive heart failure, COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CTD Connective tissue disease
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Arthritis Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1478-6362

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