Table 1 Mendelian randomization estimates for bone mineral density on osteoarthritis
From: Osteoporosis and osteoarthritis: a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study
Exposure | Outcome | No. of IVs | MR results | Heterogeneity tests | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Method | β (95% CI) | P-value | Cochran’s Q (P) | |||
FN-BMD | OA at any sites | 47 | Simple median | 0.032 (− 0.031, 0.095) | 0.317 | 30.869 (0.473) |
Weighted median | 0.032 (− 0.032, 0.096) | 0.324 | ||||
IVW | 0.029 (− 0.014, 0.071) | 0.183 | ||||
MR-Egger | 0.005 (− 0.145, 0.154) | 0.952 | ||||
MR-Egger intercept | 0.001 (− 0.006, 0.009) | 0.739 | ||||
Knee OA | Simple median | 0.097 (− 0.002, 0.196) | 0.054 | 22.974 (0.904) | ||
Weighted median | 0.100 (0.003, 0.196) | 0.043 | ||||
IVW | 0.117 (0.049, 0.184) | 0.001 | ||||
MR-Egger | 0.169 (− 0.061, 0.399) | 0.150 | ||||
MR-Egger intercept |  − 0.003 (− 0.014, 0.009) | 0.641 | ||||
Hip OA | Simple median | 0.169 (0.048, 0.291) | 0.006 | 27.175 (0.825) | ||
Weighted median | 0.136 (0.017, 0.255) | 0.025 | ||||
IVW | 0.105 (0.023, 0.188) | 0.012 | ||||
MR-Egger |  − 0.140 (− 0.420, 0.139) | 0.325 | ||||
MR-Egger intercept | 0.013 (− 0.001, 0.027) | 0.071 | ||||
LS-BMD | OA at any sites | 47 | Simple median | 0.088 (0.034, 0.141) | 0.001 | 24.319 (0.665) |
Weighted median | 0.065 (0.013, 0.117) | 0.014 | ||||
IVW | 0.048 (0.011, 0.085) | 0.010 | ||||
MR-Egger | 0.013 (− 0.120, 0.146) | 0.852 | ||||
MR-Egger intercept | 0.002 (− 0.006, 0.010) | 0.586 | ||||
Knee OA | Simple median | 0.085 (0.005, 0.165) | 0.037 | 22.078 (0.956) | ||
Weighted median | 0.116 (0.038, 0.195) | 0.003 | ||||
IVW | 0.101 (0.045, 0.156) | 0.001 | ||||
MR-Egger | 0.164 (− 0.047, 0.376) | 0.127 | ||||
MR-Egger intercept |  − 0.004 (− 0.017, 0.009) | 0.541 | ||||
Hip OA | Simple median | 0.174 (0.072, 0.276) | 0.001 | 17.112 (0.960) | ||
Weighted median | 0.138 (0.037, 0.239) | 0.008 | ||||
IVW | 0.150 (0.077, 0.224) | 0.001 | ||||
MR-Egger |  − 0.025 (− 0.264, 0.214) | 0.839 | ||||
MR-Egger intercept | 0.011 (− 0.003, 0.026) | 0.131 | ||||
TB-BMD | OA at any sites | 43 | Simple median | 0.049 (− 0.013, 0.112) | 0.122 | 37.783 (0.127) |
Weighted median | 0.054 (− 0.008, 0.117) | 0.086 | ||||
IVW | 0.025 (− 0.020, 0.070) | 0.270 | ||||
MR-Egger | 0.078 (− 0.038, 0.195) | 0.189 | ||||
MR-Egger intercept |  − 0.003 (− 0.007, 0.003) | 0.335 | ||||
Knee OA | Simple median | 0.028 (− 0.066, 0.123) | 0.553 | 30.115 (0.408) | ||
Weighted median | 0.029 (− 0.067, 0.125) | 0.554 | ||||
IVW | 0.043 (− 0.023, 0.109) | 0.199 | ||||
MR-Egger | 0.050 (− 0.126, 0.226) | 0.578 | ||||
MR-Egger intercept | 0.001 (− 0.010, 0.009) | 0.937 | ||||
Hip OA | Simple median | 0.117 (− 0.010, 0.244) | 0.071 | 30.700 (0.532) | ||
Weighted median | 0.121 (− 0.008, 0.251) | 0.066 | ||||
IVW | 0.092 (0.010, 0.174) | 0.027 | ||||
MR-Egger | 0.148 (− 0.069, 0.365) | 0.182 | ||||
MR-Egger intercept |  − 0.003 (− 0.014, 0.008) | 0.589 | ||||