Osteoporosis and osteoarthritis: a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study

Qu, Yudun; Chen, Shibo; Han, Mengling; Gu, Ziqi; Zhang, Yujie; Fan, Tianxiang; Zeng, Muhui; Ruan, Guangfeng; Cao, Peihua; Yang, Qian; Ding, Changhai; Zhang, Yan; Zhu, Zhaohua

doi:10.1186/s13075-023-03213-5

Arthritis Research & Therapy

Table 2 Mendelian randomization estimates for osteoarthritis on bone mineral density

From: Osteoporosis and osteoarthritis: a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study

Exposure	Outcome	No. of IVs	MR results			Heterogeneity tests
Exposure	Outcome	No. of IVs	Method	β (95% CI)	P-value	Cochran’s Q (P)
OA at any sites	FN-BMD	^a	Simple median	0.065 (− 0.123, 0.133)	0.940	21.201 (0.508)
			Weighted median	0.063 (− 0.110, 0.137)	0.831
			IVW	0.044 (− 0.095, 0.078)	0.848
			MR-Egger	0.149 (− 0.115, 0.470)	0.235
			MR-Egger intercept	− 0.008 (− 0.020, 0.004)	0.192
	LS-BMD	27	Simple median	0.079 (− 0.133, 0.175)	0.790	33.890 (0.067)
			Weighted median	0.078 (− 0.132, 0.176)	0.779
			IVW	0.061 (− 0.079, 0.162)	0.449
			MR-Egger	0.181 (− 0.074, 0.636)	0.121
			MR-Egger intercept	− 0.010 (− 0.025, 0.004)	0.161
	TB-BMD	^a	Simple median	0.051 (− 0.100, 0.100)	1.000	21.294 (0.503)
			Weighted median	0.049 (− 0.078, 0.113)	0.722
			IVW	0.035 (− 0.075, 0.061)	0.837
			MR-Egger	0.129 (− 0.402, 0.104)	0.249
			MR-Egger intercept	0.006 (− 0.004, 0.016)	0.254
Knee OA	FN-BMD	10	Simple median	0.057 (− 0.170, 0.054)	0.310	4.883 (0.674)
			Weighted median	0.056 (− 0.200, 0.019)	0.104
			IVW	0.043 (− 0.142, 0.027)	0.185
			MR-Egger	0.225 (− 0.661, 0.222)	0.330
			MR-Egger intercept	0.011 (− 0.018, 0.040)	0.464
	LS-BMD		Simple median	0.075 (− 0.028, 0.268)	0.112	5.986 (0.541)
			Weighted median	0.077 (− 0.036, 0.265)	0.137
			IVW	0.056 (− 0.028, 0.192)	0.145
			MR-Egger	0.791 (− 1.328, 1.771)	0.780
			MR-Egger intercept	− 0.009 (− 0.104, 0.087)	0.860
	TB-BMD		Simple median	0.045 (− 0.059, 0.116)	0.524	12.840 (0.076)
			Weighted median	0.046 (− 0.066, 0.114)	0.602
			IVW	0.045 (− 0.077, 0.099)	0.810
			MR-Egger	0.261 (− 0.633, 0.388)	0.639
			MR-Egger intercept	0.009 (− 0.025, 0.044)	0.603
Hip OA	FN-BMD	26	Simple median	0.032 (− 0.044, 0.083)	0.538	17.608 (0.482)
			Weighted median	0.031 (− 0.045, 0.078)	0.593
			IVW	0.022 (− 0.043, 0.044)	0.981
			MR-Egger	0.111 (− 0.231, 0.205)	0.906
			MR-Egger intercept	0.001 (− 0.018, 0.021)	0.900
	LS-BMD		Simple median	0.035 (− 0.046, 0.090)	0.530	12.702 (0.854)
			Weighted median	0.034 (− 0.047, 0.087)	0.561
			IVW	0.025 (− 0.024, 0.074)	0.317
			MR-Egger	0.093 (− 0.271, 0.095)	0.345
			MR-Egger intercept	0.011 (− 0.006, 0.029)	0.208
	TB-BMD		Simple median	0.025 (− 0.073, 0.025)	0.333	20.549 (0.303)
			Weighted median	0.024 (− 0.072, 0.023)	0.316
			IVW	0.018 (− 0.052, 0.018)	0.353
			MR-Egger	0.073 (− 0.183, 0.103)	0.582
			MR-Egger intercept	0.002 (− 0.011, 0.016)	0.739

BMD bone mineral density, OA osteoarthritis, FN femoral neck, LS lumbar spine, TB total body, IVs instrumental variables, IVW inverse variance weighted
^aIVs are 26, SNP (rs528981060) overlaps the outcome

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