Fig. 1

Loss of FBP1-expressing chondrocytes in patients with OA and in OA mice. A The schematic diagram of the process of gluconeogenesis. B The PAS staining of the primary chondrocytes treated with IL-1. Scale bars = 50 μm. C The Safranin O and fast green staining of human cartilage of OA patients and immunohistochemistry staining for FBP1. Scale bars = 100 μm. D Safranin O and Fast Green staining of controls and destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM) knee cartilage of C57 mouse, and FBP1 levels detected by immunohistochemistry staining. DMM-4W means tissues obtained 4 weeks after the DMM surgery, and DMM-8W means tissues obtained 8 weeks after the DMM surgery. Scale bars = 100 μm. Scale bars = 50 μm. Quantitative analysis of the OARSI scale and FBP1-positive chondrocytes in OA patients (E, F) or in DMM mice (G, H). n = 5 per group in human. n = 7 per group in mice. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, NS = not significant. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed