Table 2 Comparison of baseline features between GPA patients with HCP and without HCP

Demographics

 Age, median (IQR)

51 (37.5, 60.25)

43 (27.25, 55.75)

0.084

 Gender (male/female, n)

29/23

14/12

0.872

 Time from initial symptoms to GPA diagnosis (month), median (IQR)

12 (3, 23.25)

3 (1, 7.75)

0.001^*

Clinical manifestation [n (%)]

 Fever

11 (42.3)

23 (44.2)

0.872

 Weight loss

14 (53.8)

21 (40.4)

0.260

 Myalgia

2 (7.7)

3 (5.8)

1.000

Mucous membrane/eyes involvement

12 (46.2)

20 (38.5)

0.515

 Orbital pseudotumor

5 (19.2)

6 (11.5)

0.565

 Decreased vision/sudden visual loss

9 (34.6)

2 (3.8)

0.001^*

 Conjunctivitis/uveitis/blepharitis/keratitis

1 (3.8)

12 (23.1)

0.05

ENT involvement

24 (92.3)

48 (92.3)

1.000

 Sinusitis

19 (73.1)

47 (90.4)

0.096

 Conductive or sensorineural hearing loss

23 (83.5)

26 (50.0)

0.001^*

 Mastoiditis

15 (57.7)

15 (28.8)

0.014^*

 Subglottic stenosis

1 (3.8)

1 (1.9)

1.000

Pulmonary involvement

16 (61.5)

45 (86.5)

0.012^*

Renal involvement

3 (11.5)

19 (36.5)

0.021^*

 Abnormal urinary sediment

3 (11.5)

18 (34.6)

0.030^*

 Elevated serum creatinine

0 (0.0)

12 (23.1)

0.020^*

Peripheral neuropathy

4 (15.4)

7 (13.5)

1.000

Clinical score BVAS (without meningitis scores) [mean, SD]

17.31 ± 4.116

14.98 ± 6.229

0.053

FFS ≥ 1[n (%)]

4 (15.4)

16 (30.8)

0.142

Laboratory findings

 ANCA positivity [n (%)]

22 (84.6)

50 (96.2)

0.091

 MPO-ANCA [n (%)]

7 (26.9)

2 (3.8)

0.009^*

 PR3-ANCA [n (%)]

12 (46.2)

44 (84.6)

 < 0.001^*

 ESR, median (IQR) [mm/h]

64.00 (21.00, 98.25)

51.50 (17.25, 91.00)

0.433

 hsCRP, median (IQR) [mg/L]

32.67 (5.86, 103.00)

23.19 (4.62, 79.13)

0.518