Background
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease in which B-lymphocytes play an pivotal role. We have induced B cell depletion utilising a combination of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, and steroids given intravenously. This regime depletes B-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. We now report a long-term follow up study of 24 patients who had failed conventional immunosuppression.