Table 1 Possible mechanisms involved in fatigue
From: Fatigue in chronic inflammation - a link to pain pathways
Endocrine system | Dysregulation of HPA axis and resistance to glucocorticoids |
Thyroid insufficiency | |
Central nervous system | Decrease or polymorphism of neurotransmitters |
Peripheral nervous system | Alteration of autonomic system |
Stimulation of vagus nerve via microbiota or inflammation | |
Anemia | Decrease of tissue oxygenation |
Inflammation | Increase of levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF) |
Proliferation of immune cells | |
Oxidative stress | Excess formation of free radicals |
Treatments | Possible side effects |