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  1. Gout results from an innate immune response to monosodium urate (MSU) crystals deposited in joints. Increased very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) has been associated with gout. The apolipoprotein B (apo B), wh...

    Authors: Humaira Rasheed, Angela Hsu, Nicola Dalbeth, Lisa K Stamp, Sally McCormick and Tony R Merriman
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:495
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. The important functions of the meniscus are shock absorption, passive stabilization and load transmission of the knee. Because of the avascularity of two-thirds of the meniscal center region, the treatment of ...

    Authors: Yoshitaka Kawanishi, Tomoyuki Nakasa, Takeshi Shoji, Michio Hamanishi, Ryo Shimizu, Naosuke Kamei, Muhammad Andry Usman and Mitsuo Ochi
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:488
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. In clinical practice, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly discontinued after response to biologic therapy is achieved in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), but the impact of ...

    Authors: Maxime Dougados, Emily Wood, Bernard Combe, Thierry Schaeverbeke, Corinne Miceli-Richard, Francis Berenbaum, Nandan Koppiker, Arnaud Dubanchet and Isabelle Logeart
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:481
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. To investigate if decreased histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) is associated with human osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage degeneration by releasing HDAC4 inhibition of runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx2) result...

    Authors: Kun Cao, Lei Wei, Zhiqiang Zhang, Li Guo, Congming Zhang, Yongping Li, Changqi Sun, Xiaojuan Sun, Shaowei Wang, Pengcui Li and Xiaochun Wei
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:491
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. The identification of well-defined phenotypes along the course of the disease may open new avenues for personalized management in osteoarthritis (OA). In vivo research carried out in various animal models as well...

    Authors: Jorge A Roman-Blas and Gabriel Herrero-Beaumont
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:494
    Content type: Editorial Published on:

  6. Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is characterized by intimal hyperplasia leading to ischaemic manifestations that involve large vessels. Neurotrophins (NTs) and their receptors (NTRs) are protein factors for growth,...

    Authors: Kim Heang Ly, Alexis Régent, Elsa Molina, Sofiane Saada, Philippe Sindou, Claire Le-Jeunne, Antoine Brézin, Véronique Witko-Sarsat, François Labrousse, Pierre-Yves Robert, Philippe Bertin, Jean-Louis Bourges, Anne-Laure Fauchais, Elisabeth Vidal, Luc Mouthon and Marie-Odile Jauberteau
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:487
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Repetitive episodes of ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) are a cardinal feature of the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc), which precedes tissue fibrosis. The complement system is a key mediator of tissue d...

    Authors: Michael Osthoff, Gene-Siew Ngian, Melinda M Dean, Mandana Nikpour, Wendy Stevens, Susanna Proudman, Damon P Eisen and Joanne Sahhar
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:480
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Activated platelets exert a proinflammatory action that can be largely ascribed to their ability to interact with monocytes. However, the mechanisms that promote dynamic changes in monocyte subsets in rheumato...

    Authors: Meng-yao Rong, Cong-hua Wang, Zhen-biao Wu, Wen Zeng, Zhao-hui Zheng, Qing Han, Jun-feng Jia, Xue-yi Li and Ping Zhu
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:478
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Recent studies have revealed that rapamycin activates autophagy in human chondrocytes preventing the development of osteoarthritis (OA) like changes in vitro, while the systemic injection of rapamycin reduces the...

    Authors: Koji Takayama, Yohei Kawakami, Makoto Kobayashi, Nick Greco, James H Cummins, Takehiko Matsushita, Ryosuke Kuroda, Masahiro Kurosaka, Freddie H Fu and Johnny Huard
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:482
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Progression of arterial involvement is often observed in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TA) thought to be in remission. This reflects the failure of currently used biomarkers and activity criteria to detect...

    Authors: Enrico Tombetti, Maria Chiara Di Chio, Silvia Sartorelli, Maurizio Papa, Annalaura Salerno, Barbara Bottazzi, Enrica Paola Bozzolo, Marta Greco, Patrizia Rovere-Querini, Elena Baldissera, Alessandro Del Maschio, Alberto Mantovani, Francesco De Cobelli, Maria Grazia Sabbadini and Angelo A Manfredi
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:479
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Insulin resistance (IR) is a general phenomenon of many physiological states, disease states, and diseases. IR has been described in diabetes mellitus, obesity, infection, sepsis, trauma, painful states such a...

    Authors: Rainer H Straub
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16(Suppl 2):S4
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 16 Supplement 2

  14. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays an important role in regulating and controlling immune responses. Dysfunction of the HPA axis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis...

    Authors: Cornelia M Spies, Rainer H Straub, Maurizio Cutolo and Frank Buttgereit
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16(Suppl 2):S3
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 16 Supplement 2

  15. Glucocorticoids play a pivotal role in the management of many inflammatory rheumatic diseases. The therapeutic effects range from pain relief in arthritides, to disease-modifying effects in early rheumatoid ar...

    Authors: Marlies C van der Goes, Johannes W Jacobs and Johannes W Bijlsma
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16(Suppl 2):S2
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 16 Supplement 2

  16. The management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is primarily based on the use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), mainly comprising synthetic chemical compounds (that is, methotrexate or leflunomide...

    Authors: Maurizio Cutolo, Cornelia M Spies, Frank Buttgereit, Sabrina Paolino and Carmen Pizzorni
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16(Suppl 2):S1
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 16 Supplement 2

  18. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease associated with a break in self-tolerance reflected by a production of antinuclear autoantibodies. Since autoantibody production can be activated via...

    Authors: Julia Sieber, Capucine Daridon, Sarah J Fleischer, Vanessa Fleischer, Falk Hiepe, Tobias Alexander, Guido Heine, Gerd R Burmester, Simon Fillatreau and Thomas Dörner
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:477
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. This study was performed to develop ultrasound composite scores for the assessment of inflammatory and structural lesions in Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA).

    Authors: Anja Ficjan, Rusmir Husic, Judith Gretler, Angelika Lackner, Winfried B Graninger, Marwin Gutierrez, Christina Duftner, Josef Hermann and Christian Dejaco
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:476
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CRP gene are implicated in the regulation of the constitutional C-reactive protein (CRP) expression and its response to proinflammatory stimuli. Previous reports sugg...

    Authors: Christian Gytz Ammitzbøll, Rudi Steffensen, Martin Bøgsted, Kim Hørslev-Petersen, Merete L Hetland, Peter Junker, Julia S Johansen, Jan Pødenphant, Mikkel Østergaard, Torkell Ellingsen and Kristian Stengaard-Pedersen
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:475
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. The aim was to evaluate S100A4 protein as a biomarker of disease activity and potential cancer development in patients with myositis.

    Authors: Lenka Pleštilová, Heřman Mann, Lucie Andrés Cerezo, Ondřej Pecha, Jiří Vencovský and Ladislav Šenolt
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:468
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. OX40 and its ligand OX40L are key components in the generation of adaptive memory response and provide necessary co-stimulatory signals for activated effector T cells. Here we investigate the dual roles of the...

    Authors: Julie K Laustsen, Tue K Rasmussen, Kristian Stengaard-Pedersen, Kim Hørslev-Petersen, Merete L Hetland, Mikkel Østergaard, Peter Junker, Malene Hvid and Bent Deleuran
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:474
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Germinal centres (GCs) are specialised lymphoid microenvironments that form in secondary B-cell follicles upon exposure to T-dependent antigens. In the GC, clonal expansion, selection and differentiation of GC...

    Authors: Ine Vanderleyden, Michelle A Linterman and Kenneth GC Smith
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:471
    Content type: Review Published on:

  24. Proinflammatory cytokines are major mediators in the pathogenesis of diseases of joints such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. This review emphasizes that proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necr...

    Authors: Hans-Georg Schaible
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:470
    Content type: Review Published on:

  25. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and, possibly, lymphotoxin alpha (LTα) signaling contribute to inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. Pateclizumab (anti-lymphotoxin- alpha; MLTA3698A) is a humani...

    Authors: William P Kennedy, J Abraham Simon, Carolyn Offutt, Priscilla Horn, Ann Herman, Michael J Townsend, Meina T Tang, Jane L Grogan, Frank Hsieh and John C Davis
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:467
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Immune checkpoint regulators are critical modulators of the immune system, allowing the initiation of a productive immune response and preventing the onset of autoimmunity. Co-inhibitory and co-stimulatory imm...

    Authors: Sabrina Ceeraz, Elizabeth C Nowak, Christopher M Burns and Randolph J Noelle
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:469
    Content type: Review Published on:

  27. Our aim was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a low-intensity resistance training program combined with partial blow flow restriction (BFR training) in a cohort of patients with polymyositis (PM) and derm...

    Authors: Melina Andrade Mattar, Bruno Gualano, Luiz Augusto Perandini, Samuel Katsuyuki Shinjo, Fernanda Rodrigues Lima, Ana Lúcia Sá-Pinto and Hamilton Roschel
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:473
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease leading to joint destruction and disability. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1beta (PGC-1β) is a transcriptional coactiv...

    Authors: Jing-Jing Zhou, Jian-Da Ma, Ying-Qian Mo, Dong-Hui Zheng, Le-Feng Chen, Xiu-Ning Wei and Lie Dai
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:472
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. The aim of the study was to interrogate the genetic architecture and autoimmune pleiotropy of scleroderma susceptibility in the Australian population.

    Authors: Jane Zochling, Felicity Newell, Jac C Charlesworth, Paul Leo, Jim Stankovich, Adrian Cortes, Yuan Zhou, Wendy Stevens, Joanne Sahhar, Janet Roddy, Peter Nash, Kathleen Tymms, Maureen Rischmueller, Sue Lester, Susanna Proudman and Matthew A Brown
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:438
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) may cause severe arthropathy, major joint destruction and treatment options are limited. The aim of this study was to test the therapeutic efficacy of methotrexate (MTX)...

    Authors: Axel Finckh, Geraldine M Mc Carthy, Anne Madigan, Daniel Van Linthoudt, Marcel Weber, David Neto, Georges Rappoport, Sandra Blumhardt, Diego Kyburz and Pierre-Andre Guerne
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:458
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Bone remodelling and increased subchondral densification are important in osteoarthritis (OA). Modifications of bone vascularization parameters, which lead to ischemic episodes associated with hypoxic conditio...

    Authors: Béatrice Bouvard, Elie Abed, Mélissa Yéléhé-Okouma, Arnaud Bianchi, Didier Mainard, Patrick Netter, Jean-Yves Jouzeau, Daniel Lajeunesse and Pascal Reboul
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:459
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Few data are available concerning structural changes at the hip observed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in people with or without hip osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to compare cartilage vo...

    Authors: Andrew J Teichtahl, Yuanyuan Wang, Sam Smith, Anita E Wluka, Graham G Giles, Kim L Bennell, Richard O’Sullivan and Flavia M Cicuttini
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:466
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Anti-Jo-1 and anti-Ro52 autoantibodies are common in patients with myositis, but the mechanisms behind their production are not known. Survival of autoantibody-producing cells is dependent on B-cell-activating...

    Authors: Olga Kryštůfková, Sevim Barbasso Helmers, Paulius Venalis, Vivianne Malmström, Eva Lindroos, Jiří Vencovský and Ingrid E Lundberg
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:454
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a procedure commonly used for patient classification and subsetting, but not to define disease activity (DA). This study aimed to evaluate whet...

    Authors: Domenico Sambataro, Gianluca Sambataro, Eleonora Zaccara, Wanda Maglione, Riccardo Polosa, Antonella MV Afeltra, Claudio Vitali and Nicoletta Del Papa
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:462
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Biglycan is an important proteoglycan of the extracellular matrix of intervertebral disc (IVD), and its decrease with aging has been correlated with IVD degeneration. Biglycan deficient (Bgn−/0) mice lack this pr...

    Authors: Giovanni Marfia, Rolando Campanella, Stefania Elena Navone, Ileana Zucca, Alessandro Scotti, Matteo Figini, Clara Di Vito, Giulio Alessandri, Laura Riboni and Eugenio Parati
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:457
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Biomarkers to identify osteoarthritis (OA) patients at risk for disease progression are needed. As part of a proteomic analysis of knee synovial fluid from normal and OA patients, differentially expressed prot...

    Authors: Susan Y Ritter, Jamie Collins, Bryan Krastins, David Sarracino, Mary Lopez, Elena Losina and Antonios O Aliprantis
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:456
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by an imbalance in cartilage and underlying subchondral bone homeostasis. We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix component...

    Authors: Michaela Leyh, Andreas Seitz, Lutz Dürselen, Jens Schaumburger, Anita Ignatius, Joachim Grifka and Susanne Grässel
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:453
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. In addition to the well-known short noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs), increasing evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as key regulators in a wide aspect of biologic processes. Dysr...

    Authors: Zhong-Yuan Wan, Fang Song, Zhen Sun, Yu-Fei Chen, Wei-Lin Zhang, Dino Samartzis, Chi-Jiao Ma, Lu Che, Xu Liu, M-Azam Ali, Hai-Qiang Wang and Zhuo-Jing Luo
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:465
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Synovial fibroblasts invade cartilage and bone, leading to joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. However, the mechanisms that regulate synovial fibroblast invasion are not well understood. Focal adhesion ...

    Authors: Miriam A Shelef, David A Bennin, Nihad Yasmin, Thomas F Warner, Thomas Ludwig, Hilary E Beggs and Anna Huttenlocher
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:464
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a disease associated with loss of bone mass, deterioration in bone mass quality and an increased risk of fractures. The objective of this study was to evaluate factors th...

    Authors: Kristyna Brabnikova-Maresova, Katerina Jarosova, Karel Pavelka and Jan J Stepan
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:460
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid that binds to G protein-coupled receptors (LPA1-6). Recently, we reported that abrogation of LPA receptor 1 (LPA1) ameliorated murine collagen-induced arthritis, p...

    Authors: Yoshishige Miyabe, Chie Miyabe, Yoshiko Iwai, Waka Yokoyama, Chiyoko Sekine, Kazutaka Sugimoto, Masayoshi Harigai, Masayuki Miyasaka, Nobuyuki Miyasaka and Toshihiro Nanki
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:461
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Neuropsychiatric manifestation in systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is one of the most serious complications of the disease. Previous studies revealed the strong association between serum anti-Sm and organi...

    Authors: Shunsei Hirohata, Yuko Sakuma, Tamiko Yanagida and Taku Yoshio
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:450
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Synovial inflammation and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may progress despite clinical remission. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is increasingly used to detect s...

    Authors: Stefan Vordenbäumen, Christoph Schleich, Tim Lögters, Philipp Sewerin, Ellen Bleck, Thomas Pauly, Anja Müller-Lutz, Gerald Antoch, Matthias Schneider, Falk Miese and Benedikt Ostendorf
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:452
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-recommended pharmacologic treatments (RPTs; pregabalin, duloxetine, and milnacipran) are effective treatment options for fibromyal...

    Authors: Juan V Luciano, Francesco D’Amico, Marta Cerdà-Lafont, María T Peñarrubia-María, Martin Knapp, Antonio I Cuesta-Vargas, Antoni Serrano-Blanco and Javier García-Campayo
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:451
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. This study aimed to assess the utility of musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) in patients with joint symptoms using a probabilistic approach.

    Authors: Hamed Rezaei, Søren Torp-Pedersen, Erik af Klint, Magnus Backheden, Yogan Kisten, Noémi Györi and Ronald F van Vollenhoven
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:448
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. The association between cancer and use of biologic therapy among rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients remains controversial. We aimed to compare the relative risk of cancer development between RA patients taking...

    Authors: Chun-Ying Wu, Der-Yuan Chen, Jui-Lung Shen, Hsiu J Ho, Chih-Chiang Chen, Ken N Kuo, Han-Nan Liu, Yun-Ting Chang and Yi-Ju Chen
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:449
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in Arthritis Research & Therapy 2016 18:110

  47. Although it has been suggested that rare coding variants could explain the substantial missing heritability, very few sequencing studies have been performed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed to identify n...

    Authors: So-Young Bang, Young-Ji Na, Kwangwoo Kim, Young Bin Joo, Youngho Park, Jaemoon Lee, Sun-Young Lee, Adnan A Ansari, Junghee Jung, Hwanseok Rhee, Jong-Young Lee, Bok-Ghee Han, Sung-Min Ahn, Sungho Won, Hye-Soon Lee and Sang-Cheol Bae
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:447
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. The association between fish consumption and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is unclear. The aim of this paper was to summarize the available evidence on the association between fish consumption and risk of RA using...

    Authors: Daniela Di Giuseppe, Alessio Crippa, Nicola Orsini and Alicja Wolk
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:446
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a hereditary autoinflammatory disease characterized by recurrent self-limiting fever and serositis that mainly affects Mediterranean populations. Many patients with FMF ha...

    Authors: Dai Kishida, Akinori Nakamura, Masahide Yazaki, Ayako Tsuchiya-Suzuki, Masayuki Matsuda and Shu-ichi Ikeda
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:439
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. During the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), there are frequent but intermittent flares in which the joint becomes acutely inflamed and painful. Although a number of drug therapies are currently used t...

    Authors: Eugene Krustev, Allison Reid and Jason J McDougall
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2014 16:437
    Content type: Research article Published on:
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Arthritis Research & Therapy

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